A preventive model for greenwashing as an environmental crime in industry and the private sector

Abstract

Greenwashing has become a recurrent practice in industry and the private sector by employing sustainability discourses that do not always correspond to organizational transformations aimed at environmental protection. From a Green Criminology perspective, these practices may indirectly contribute to the persistence of environmental harm and the evasion of corporate responsibilities. The objective of this study is to propose a preventive model of environmental crime aimed at reducing the likelihood of greenwashing practices prior to the materialization of environmental damage. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a theoretical–documentary design of an analytical–propositional scope, based on the systematic analysis of scientific literature, regulatory frameworks, international standards, environmental certifications and institutional documentation, as well as the review of documented cases of corporate malpractice. Based on this analysis, risk patterns and analytical categories are identified, allowing the structuring of a preventive model focused on sustainable development, green governance, corporate social responsibility and the verification of sustainability practices. The findings suggest that preventing greenwashing in industry and the private sector requires comprehensive mechanisms that integrate regulation, organizational control and transparency. It is concluded that the proposed model constitutes a conceptual tool aimed at strengthening the prevention of environmental crime through business practices consistent with sustainable development and the objectives of the 2030 Agenda.