Valorization of yellow, black, and white sapote peel byproducts: exploring their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties, along with computational mapping

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AudienciaPúblico en generales_ES
CoberturaMéxicoes_ES
Fecha de ingreso2026-09-15T00:31:40Z
Fecha de publicación2025-11-25
ResumenAbstract Background This study evaluated the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties of yellow ( Pouteria campechiana ), black ( Diospyros digyna ), and white ( Casimiroa edulis ) sapote peels, integrating in vitro bioassays and in silico pharmacological profiling. Results Ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) and maceration were compared; phytochemical analysis revealed that UAE significantly increased total polyphenol and flavonoid content, with black sapote ultrasound (BSUS) extract displaying the highest values (TPC: 10.72 mg GAE/g, TFC: 4.77 mg QE/g). Antioxidant activity, measured by ABTS, DPPH, β‐carotene bleaching, and FRAP assays, was concentration‐dependent; BSUS and white sapote ultrasound (WSUS) extracts showed low IC₅₀ values (e.g., WSUS DPPH IC₅₀: 154.1 μg/mL), outperforming BHT in some assays. Antimicrobial assays demonstrated that ultrasound extracts, particularly WSUS and yellow sapote ultrasound (YSUS) extracts, achieved up to 70% inhibition against E. coli ATCC 8739 and 60% against S. aureus ATCC 25923 at 800 μg/mL. All extracts exhibited strong antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa , achieving nearly 100% inhibition at 800 μg/mL. Toxicity assessment using Artemia salina indicated that white sapote extracts were toxic (viability ~40–50%), while yellow and black sapote extracts were non‐toxic. In silico docking showed high binding affinities of sapote phenolics to the LasR protein, supporting observed antibiofilm effects; ADMET analysis indicated low mammalian toxicity but potential environmental risk for zapotin. Conclusion Sapote peels, especially black sapote obtained by ultrasound, are promising sources of multifunctional bioactive compounds for food, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological applications. However, safety evaluation is essential for white sapote extracts. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).es_ES
Doihttps://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.70104es_ES
URIhttps://riuat.uat.edu.mx/handle/123456789/3348
Idiomaenes_ES
EditorialWileyes_ES
RelaciónJournal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnologyes_ES
URL relacionadohttps://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.70104es_ES
DerechosAcceso restringido / Suscripción (Metadatos de producción científica)es_ES
Licenciahttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16eces_ES
FuenteJournal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology
Palabra clavePhytochemicales_ES
Palabra clavePolyphenoles_ES
Palabra claveDPPHes_ES
Palabra claveMaceration (sewage)es_ES
Palabra claveAntimicrobiales_ES
Palabra claveAntioxidantes_ES
Palabra claveFlavonoides_ES
ClasificaciónPhytochemicals and Antioxidant Activitieses_ES
TítuloValorization of yellow, black, and white sapote peel byproducts: exploring their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm properties, along with computational mappinges_ES
TipoArtículoes_ES
ArbitradoHa sido Arbitradoes_ES
AutorSilva‐Jara, Jorge Manuel
AutorJuárez‐Saldívar, Alfredo
AutorVelázquez‐Carriles, Carlos Arnulfo
AutorAnaya‐Esparza, Luis Miguel
AutorRodríguez‐Laffitte, Ernesto
AutorDelgado-Caramutti, Jorge G.
AutorAguilar‐Uscanga, Blanca Rosa
AutorGraciano‐Machuca, Omar
AutorParra‐Saavedra, Karina Jeanette
AutorBalderas‐León, Iván
AutorSilva‐Jara, Jorge Manueles_ES
AutorJuárez‐Saldívar, Alfredoes_ES
AutorVelázquez‐Carriles, Carlos Arnulfoes_ES
AutorAnaya‐Esparza, Luis Migueles_ES
AutorRodríguez‐Laffitte, Ernestoes_ES
AutorDelgado-Caramutti, Jorge G.es_ES
AutorAguilar‐Uscanga, Blanca Rosaes_ES
AutorGraciano‐Machuca, Omares_ES
AutorParra‐Saavedra, Karina Jeanettees_ES
AutorBalderas‐León, Ivánes_ES
InstituciónUniversidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas
InstituciónUniversidad Autónoma de Tamaulipases_ES
Número2es_ES
Rango de páginas433-448es_ES
URL relacionadahttps://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.70104
Tipo de artículoIndexado
Tipo de artículoIndexadoes_ES
Volumen101es_ES

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