Unregulated Substance Abuse and Systemic Inflammation Markers: A Review

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AudienciaPúblico en generales_ES
CoberturaMéxicoes_ES
Fecha de ingreso2026-09-15T00:31:53Z
Fecha de publicación2026-01-01
ResumenAim: There is an urgent need for systematic and well-designed studies to clarify the role of systemic inflammatory parameters, especially the neutrophil–lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), in the pathophysiology and clinical management of unregulated substance addiction. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on the relationship between unregulated substance addiction and systemic inflammatory parameters, focusing specifically on the NLR as a potential biomarker. Methods: To ensure a transparent approach in the collection of evidence, this review was carried out following the recommendations of the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251151136). We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases in July2025 using combinations of MeSH terms and keywords related to unregulated substance use and inflammatory biomarkers. The strategy included terms such as “cocaine,” “cannabis,” “opioids,” “heroin,” “fentanyl,” “methadone,” “buprenorphine” “nitazene”, “MDMA”, and “methamphetamine,” combined with “neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.” Filters were applied to limit results to human studies published between 2015 and 2025 in English. The methodological quality of the studies included was assessed using the STROBE 22-item checklist. Results: Fifteen studies were included in this review. Methamphetamine and opioid users showed higher NLR and MLR values. For cocaine abuse, although the evidence is limited to a single population-based study, a significant increase in NLR was reported. Controversial results were observed for cannabis use. Conclusions: Systemic inflammation markers are related to unregulated substance abuse disorders; however, the sparse available evidence encourages the need for well-designed large, prospective clinical trials.es_ES
Doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14020232es_ES
URIhttps://riuat.uat.edu.mx/handle/123456789/3633
Idiomaenes_ES
EditorialMDPI AGes_ES
RelaciónHealthcarees_ES
URL relacionadohttps://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14020232es_ES
DerechosAcceso restringido / Suscripción (Metadatos de producción científica)es_ES
Licenciahttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_16eces_ES
FuenteHealthcare
TítuloUnregulated Substance Abuse and Systemic Inflammation Markers: A Reviewes_ES
TipoArtículoes_ES
ArbitradoHa sido Arbitradoes_ES
AutorLara-Apolinario, Carmen
AutorBarroso, Jose
AutorRodríguez-Gallego, Jose Carlos
AutorLara, Pedro C.
AutorLara-Apolinario, Carmenes_ES
AutorBarroso, Josees_ES
AutorRodríguez-Gallego, Jose Carloses_ES
AutorLara, Pedro C.es_ES
InstituciónUniversidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas
InstituciónUniversidad Autónoma de Tamaulipases_ES
Número2es_ES
Rango de páginas232es_ES
URL relacionadahttps://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare14020232
Tipo de artículoIndexado
Tipo de artículoIndexadoes_ES
Volumen14es_ES

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