ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE ATTITUDES TOWARDS SEXUAL AND GENDER DIVERSITY IN MEXICAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. Sexual and gender diversity refers to the variety of ways in which individuals express and experience their identity, expression, and orientation. Identifying the attitudes of future healthcare professionals toward diversity is crucial; therefore, it is necessary to adapt and validate an instrument specifically for the Mexican context. OBJECTIVE. To perform the cross-cultural adaptation and evaluate the construct validity, reliability, and factor structure of the “Attitudes Toward Sexual and Gender Diversity” questionnaire among a group of university nursing students in Mexico. METHOD. An instrumental design study was conducted with a sample of 311 university students. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were determined. Content validity was assessed through expert judgment. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) were performed to estimate internal structure validity, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to evaluate reliability. RESULTS. The final scale consists of five factors (Negative Attitudes, Positive Beliefs, Negative Beliefs, Diversity Knowledge, and LGBTphobia) explaining 44% of the variance. The model showed a moderate fit to the data (RMSEA = 0.06, CFI = 0.76, TLI = 0.74, AGFI = 0.80) with acceptable reliability (α = 0.78). CONCLUSIONS. The version adapted to the Mexican context meets the psychometric properties required for use in future research.