Prospective study of the levels of fecal coliforms and heavy metals of surface water in the Corona River, Tamaulipas, Mexico

Abstract

The Corona River in Tamaulipas, Mexico, originating from the San Pedro Hill in the Sierra Madre Oriental, serves as a crucial water source for the region and flows into the Vicente Guerrero Dam. Given its significance, assessing the river’s water quality is imperative. Rivers are often vulnerable to contamination from organic and inorganic discharges, which can degrade water quality. This study conducted a comprehensive assessment across eleven sampling stations along the Corona River, analyzing fecal coliforms (43-2400 Most Probable Number or MPN) and heavy metals [cadmium (0.004-0.037), copper (0.0085-0.0595), and lead (0.142-0.227 mg L^-1)]. Elevated levels of fecal coliforms and heavy metals were detected at various stations, with contamination progressively increasing towards the river’s confluence with the Vicente Guerrero Dam. These findings indicate that the water quality may deteriorate to levels unsuitable for consumption. The data presented are crucial for informing relevant authorities on the necessity of implementing effective management, prevention, control, and treatment strategies to ensure that the river water meets safety standards for various uses, including consumption, recreation, agriculture, and livestock.